Download data: GDP growth, inflation, and other indicators

Principales indicadores económicos

Crecimiento económico: variación del PIB real

i

Crecimiento económico: variación del PIB real

Definition: Annual percentage growth rate of GDP at market prices based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2010 U.S. dollars. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources.

Producto Interno Bruto, miles de millones de...

i

Producto Interno Bruto, miles de millones de USD de 2010

Definition: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2010 U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using 2010 official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.

Producto Bruto Interno, miles de millones de US...

i

Producto Bruto Interno, miles de millones de US Dólares

Definition: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.

PIB per cápita, dólares corrientes de EE.UU.

i

PIB per cápita, dólares corrientes de EE.UU.

Definition: GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

PIB per cápita, Paridad del Poder Adquisitivo

i

PIB per cápita, Paridad del Poder Adquisitivo

Definition: GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2011 international dollars.

PIB per cápita, dólares constantes de 2010

i

PIB per cápita, dólares constantes de 2010

Definition: GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2010 U.S. dollars.

GDP components

Inversión de capital como % del PIB

i

Inversión de capital como % del PIB

Definition: Gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment) consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assets of the economy plus net changes in the level of inventories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and "work in progress." According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation.

Inversión de capital, miles de millones de USD

i

Inversión de capital, miles de millones de USD

Definition: Gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment) consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assets of the economy plus net changes in the level of inventories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and "work in progress." According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Consumo de los hogares como % del PIB

i

Consumo de los hogares como % del PIB

Definition: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. This item also includes any statistical discrepancy in the use of resources relative to the supply of resources.

Consumo de los hogares, miles de millones de USD

i

Consumo de los hogares, miles de millones de USD

Definition: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Deuda de los hogares en relación con el PIB,...

i

Deuda de los hogares en relación con el PIB, en porcentaje

Definition: The total outstanding debt of households to banks and other financial institutions as percent of GDP.

Money

Inflación: variación porcentual en Índ....

i

Inflación: variación porcentual en Índ. Precios Consumidor

Definition: Inflation as measured by the consumer price index reflects the annual percentage change in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.

Tipo de cambio: unidades de moneda local x...

i

Tipo de cambio: unidades de moneda local x dólar de EE.UU.

Definition: Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate determined by national authorities or to the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated as an annual average based on monthly averages (local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar).

Fuerza laboral

Fuerza laboral, millones de personas

i

Fuerza laboral, millones de personas

Definition: Labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes people who are currently employed and people who are unemployed but seeking work as well as first-time job-seekers. Not everyone who works is included, however. Unpaid workers, family workers, and students are often omitted, and some countries do not count members of the armed forces. Labor force size tends to vary during the year as seasonal workers enter and leave.

Tasa de desempleo

i

Tasa de desempleo

Definition: Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment.

Tasa de desempleo femenino

i

Tasa de desempleo femenino

Definition: Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment.

Tasa de desempleo masculino

i

Tasa de desempleo masculino

Definition: Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment.

Desempleo juvenil, entre 15 y 24 años

i

Desempleo juvenil, entre 15 y 24 años

Definition: Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment.

Tasa de participación en fuerza laboral

i

Tasa de participación en fuerza laboral

Definition: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.

Fuerza laboral, porcentaje de mujeres

i

Fuerza laboral, porcentaje de mujeres

Definition: Female labor force as a percentage of the total show the extent to which women are active in the labor force. Labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.

Tasa de participación femenina en fuerza laboral

i

Tasa de participación femenina en fuerza laboral

Definition: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.

Tasa de participación masculina en fuerza...

i

Tasa de participación masculina en fuerza laboral

Definition: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.

Personas dependientes como % de población en...

i

Personas dependientes como % de población en edad de trabajar

Definition: Age dependency ratio is the ratio of dependents--people younger than 15 or older than 64--to the working-age population--those ages 15-64. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working-age population.

Transacciones internacionales

Términos de intercambio, año base = 2000

i

Términos de intercambio, año base = 2000

Definition: Net barter terms of trade index is calculated as the percentage ratio of the export unit value indexes to the import unit value indexes, measured relative to the base year 2000. Unit value indexes are based on data reported by countries that demonstrate consistency under UNCTAD quality controls, supplemented by UNCTAD's estimates using the previous year’s trade values at the Standard International Trade Classification three-digit level as weights. To improve data coverage, especially for the latest periods, UNCTAD constructs a set of average prices indexes at the three-digit product classification of the Standard International Trade Classification revision 3 using UNCTAD’s Commodity Price Statistics, international and national sources, and UNCTAD secretariat estimates and calculates unit value indexes at the country level using the current year's trade values as weights.

Apertura comercial: exportac. más importac....

i

Apertura comercial: exportac. más importac. como % del PIB

Definition: Exports plus imports as percent of GDP.

Exportaciones de bienes y servicios como % del PIB

i

Exportaciones de bienes y servicios como % del PIB

Definition: Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments.

Exportac. de bienes y servicios, miles de...

i

Exportac. de bienes y servicios, miles de millones de USD

Definition: xports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Exportaciones de bienes y servicios,...

i

Exportaciones de bienes y servicios, crecimiento anual

Definition: Annual growth rate of exports of goods and services based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2010 U.S. dollars. Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments.

Importaciones de bienes y servicios como % del PIB

i

Importaciones de bienes y servicios como % del PIB

Definition: Imports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services received from the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments.

Importac. de bienes y servicios, miles de...

i

Importac. de bienes y servicios, miles de millones de USD

Definition: Imports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services received from the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Inversión Extranjera Directa, porcentaje del PIB

i

Inversión Extranjera Directa, porcentaje del PIB

Definition: Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows (new investment inflows less disinvestment) in the reporting economy from foreign investors, and is divided by GDP.

Inversión Extranjera Directa, miles de...

i

Inversión Extranjera Directa, miles de millones de USD

Definition: Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in the reporting economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital. Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on the management of an enterprise that is resident in another economy. Ownership of 10 percent or more of the ordinary shares of voting stock is the criterion for determining the existence of a direct investment relationship. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Entrada neta inversión de cartera en acciones

i

Entrada neta inversión de cartera en acciones

Definition: Portfolio equity includes net inflows from equity securities other than those recorded as direct investment and including shares, stocks, depository receipts (American or global), and direct purchases of shares in local stock markets by foreign investors. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Saldo de cuentas corrientes como % del PIB

i

Saldo de cuentas corrientes como % del PIB

Definition: Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods and services, net primary income, and net secondary income.

Balanza en cuenta corriente, miles de millones...

i

Balanza en cuenta corriente, miles de millones de USD

Definition: Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods and services, net primary income, and net secondary income. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Balanza comercial como % del PIB

i

Balanza comercial como % del PIB

Definition: External balance on goods and services (formerly resource balance) equals exports of goods and services minus imports of goods and services (previously nonfactor services).

Balanza comercial, miles de millones de USD

i

Balanza comercial, miles de millones de USD

Definition: Net trade in goods and services is derived by offsetting imports of goods and services against exports of goods and services. Exports and imports of goods and services comprise all transactions involving a change of ownership of goods and services between residents of one country and the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Reservas de Divisas incl. el oro, miles de...

i

Reservas de Divisas incl. el oro, miles de millones de USD

Definition: Total reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component of these reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Remesas como % del PIB

i

Remesas como % del PIB

Definition: Personal remittances comprise personal transfers and compensation of employees. Personal transfers consist of all current transfers in cash or in kind made or received by resident households to or from nonresident households. Personal transfers thus include all current transfers between resident and nonresident individuals. Compensation of employees refers to the income of border, seasonal, and other short-term workers who are employed in an economy where they are not resident and of residents employed by nonresident entities. Data are the sum of two items defined in the sixth edition of the IMFs Balance of Payments Manual: personal transfers and compensation of employees.

Remesas, en millones de USD

i

Remesas, en millones de USD

Definition: Personal transfers consist of all current transfers in cash or in kind made or received by resident households to or from nonresident households. Personal transfers thus include all current transfers between resident and nonresident individuals. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Government

Gasto público como % del PIB

i

Gasto público como % del PIB

Definition: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation.

Gastos del gobierno, miles de millones de USD

i

Gastos del gobierno, miles de millones de USD

Definition: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Deuda pública como porcentaje del PIB

i

Deuda pública como porcentaje del PIB

Definition: Debt is the entire stock of direct government fixed-term contractual obligations to others outstanding on a particular date. It includes domestic and foreign liabilities such as currency and money deposits, securities other than shares, and loans. It is the gross amount of government liabilities reduced by the amount of equity and financial derivatives held by the government. Because debt is a stock rather than a flow, it is measured as of a given date, usually the last day of the fiscal year.

Competitividad - Índice del Foro Económico...

i

Competitividad - Índice del Foro Económico Mundial (1 - 7)

Definition: The Global Competitiveness index is composed of 12 pillars of competitiveness. The pillars are organized as followed: Basic requirements (Institutions, Infrastructure, Macroeconomic Stability, Health and Primary Education); Efficiency enhancers (Higher Education and Training, Goods Market Efficiency, Labour Market Efficiency, Financial Market Sophistication, Technological Readiness, Market Size), and Innovation and sophistication factors (Business Sophistication, Innovation).

Índice de Confianza de IED de A.T. Kearney (0-3)

i

Índice de Confianza de IED de A.T. Kearney (0-3)

Definition: The FDI Confidence Index is an indicator created by A.T. Kearney, a global management consulting firm operating in 40 countries across the world. The index ranks countries on a scale from 0 to 3 based on their attractiveness for foreign direct investments. A score of 3 represents the highest level of confidence. The index is constructed using data from a survey capturing the opinions of senior executives and regional and business leaders from 27 countries with high FDI outword flows. Within the survey, the respondents are asked what is the likelihood to make a direct investment in a given country over the next three years: high, medium, low or "no interest". The individual responses are aggregated to produce a country score.

Costo de iniciar un negocio, % de renta per...

i

Costo de iniciar un negocio, % de renta per cápita

Definition: The indicator includes all official fees and fees for legal or professional services if such services are required by law. The company law, the commercial code, and specific regulations and fee schedules are used as sources for calculating costs. The indicator excludes bribes.

Número de documentos necesarios para actividad...

i

Número de documentos necesarios para actividad exportadora

Definition: The total number of documents required per shipment to export goods, including documents required by government ministries, customs authorities, port and container terminal authorities, health and technical control agencies, and banks. Also: all documents required by banks for the issuance or securing of a letter of credit. Documents that are renewed annually and/or that do not require renewal per shipment are not included.

Número de documentos necesarios para importar...

i

Número de documentos necesarios para importar mercancías

Definition: All documents required per shipment to import goods are recorded. It is assumed that the contract has already been agreed upon and signed by both parties. Documents required for clearance by government ministries, customs authorities, port and container terminal authorities, health and technical control agencies and banks are taken into account. Since payment is by letter of credit, all documents required by banks for the issuance or securing of a letter of credit are also taken into account. Documents that are renewed annually and that do not require renewal per shipment (for example, an annual tax clearance certificate) are not included.

Gobernanza y sistema político

Índice del estado de derecho (-2,5 débil; 2,5...

i

Índice del estado de derecho (-2,5 débil; 2,5 fuerte)

Definition: The index for Rule of Law captures perceptions of the extent to which agents have confidence in and abide by the rules of society, and in particular the quality of contract enforcement, property rights, the police, and the courts, as well as the likelihood of crime and violence.

Índice de eficiencia gubernamental (-2,5...

i

Índice de eficiencia gubernamental (-2,5 débil; 2,5 fuerte)

Definition: The index of Government Effectiveness captures perceptions of the quality of public services, the quality of the civil service and the degree of its independence from political pressures, the quality of policy formulation and implementation, and the credibility of the government's commitment to such policies.

Control de la corrupción (-2,5 débil; 2,5...

i

Control de la corrupción (-2,5 débil; 2,5 fuerte)

Definition: The index for Control of Corruption captures perceptions of the extent to which public power is exercised for private gain, including both petty and grand forms of corruption, as well as capture of the state by elites and private interests.

Índice de calidad regulatoria (-2,5 débil;...

i

Índice de calidad regulatoria (-2,5 débil; 2,5 fuerte)

Definition: The index of Regulatory Quality captures perceptions of the ability of the government to formulate and implement sound policies and regulations that permit and promote private sector development.

Índice de voz y rendición de cuentas (-2,5...

i

Índice de voz y rendición de cuentas (-2,5 débil; 2,5 fuerte)

Definition: The index for Voice and Accountability captures perceptions of the extent to which the citizens are able to participate in selecting their government, as well as freedom of expression, freedom of association, and a free media.

Índice de Percepción de Corrupción, 100 =...

i

Índice de Percepción de Corrupción, 100 = sin corrupción

Definition: The Corruption Perceptions Index is an indicator of perceptions of public sector corruption, i.e. administrative and political corruption. The indicator values are determined by using information from surveys and assessments of corruption, collected by a variety of reputable institutions.

Índice de derechos políticos, 7 (débil) - 1...

i

Índice de derechos políticos, 7 (débil) - 1 (fuerte)

Definition: The Political Rights ratings from the Freedom House evaluate three categories: electoral process, political pluralism and participation, and the functioning of government. The index ranges from 1 (strong rights) to 7 (weak rights).

Índice de libertades civiles, 7 (débil) - 1...

i

Índice de libertades civiles, 7 (débil) - 1 (fuerte)

Definition: The Civil Liberties index from the Freedom House evaluate the following: freedom of expression and belief, associational and organizational rights, rule of law, and personal autonomy and individual rights. The rating ranges from 1 (strong liberties) to 7 (no liberties).

Mujeres en el parlamento, porcentaje

i

Mujeres en el parlamento, porcentaje

Definition: Women in parliaments are the percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber held by women.

Impuestos

Tasa impositiva de sociedades

i

Tasa impositiva de sociedades

Definition: The highest statutory corporate tax rate at central government level. Rates are provided by KPMG member firms.

Tipo de impuesto sobre la renta de las personas...

i

Tipo de impuesto sobre la renta de las personas físicas

Definition: The highest statutory marginal tax rate applied to the taxable income of individuals. Rates are provided by KPMG member firms.

Tasa de impuestos indirectos

i

Tasa de impuestos indirectos

Definition: Statutory VAT rates or consumption taxes similar to a VAT. Rates are provided by KPMG member firms.

Ingresos tributarios, % del PIB

i

Ingresos tributarios, % del PIB

Definition: Tax revenue refers to compulsory transfers to the central government for public purposes. Certain compulsory transfers such as fines, penalties, and most social security contributions are excluded. Refunds and corrections of erroneously collected tax revenue are treated as negative revenue.

Tasa impositiva, porcentaje de beneficios...

i

Tasa impositiva, porcentaje de beneficios comerciales

Definition: Total tax rate measures the amount of taxes and mandatory contributions payable by businesses after accounting for allowable deductions and exemptions as a share of commercial profits. Taxes withheld (such as personal income tax) or collected and remitted to tax authorities (such as value added taxes, sales taxes or goods and service taxes) are excluded.

Tiempo de preparación de impuestos, en horas

i

Tiempo de preparación de impuestos, en horas

Definition: Time to prepare and pay taxes is the time, in hours per year, it takes to prepare, file, and pay (or withhold) three major types of taxes: the corporate income tax, the value added or sales tax, and labor taxes, including payroll taxes and social security contributions.

Cantidad de impuestos pagados por las empresas

i

Cantidad de impuestos pagados por las empresas

Definition: Tax payments by businesses are the total number of taxes paid by businesses, including electronic filing. The tax is counted as paid once a year even if payments are more frequent.

Impuestos sobre bienes y servicios, % de...

i

Impuestos sobre bienes y servicios, % de ingresos totales

Definition: Taxes on goods and services include general sales and turnover or value added taxes, selective excises on goods, selective taxes on services, taxes on the use of goods or property, taxes on extraction and production of minerals, and profits of fiscal monopolies.

Impuestos al comercio internacional, % de...

i

Impuestos al comercio internacional, % de ingresos totales

Definition: Taxes on international trade include import duties, export duties, profits of export or import monopolies, exchange profits, and exchange taxes.

Impuestos a la renta, utilidades y plusvalías:...

i

Impuestos a la renta, utilidades y plusvalías: % de ingresos

Definition: Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains are levied on the actual or presumptive net income of individuals, on the profits of corporations and enterprises, and on capital gains, whether realized or not, on land, securities, and other assets. Intragovernmental payments are eliminated in consolidation.

Riesgo país

Riesgo político a corto plazo (1=bajo, 7=alto)

i

Riesgo político a corto plazo (1=bajo, 7=alto)

Definition: Short Term political risk = Political risk related to short-term export transactions. Political risk covers the risks of foreign exchange shortages, wars, revolutions, natural disasters and arbitrary government actions. Countries are classified into seven categories (from 1-low risk to 7-high risk) reflecting the intensity of political risk.

Riesgo político a largo plazo (1=bajo, 7=alto)

i

Riesgo político a largo plazo (1=bajo, 7=alto)

Definition: Long Term political risk = Political risk related to export transactions with a credit period of more than two years. Political risk covers the risks of foreign exchange shortages, wars, revolutions, natural disasters and arbitrary government actions. Countries are classified into seven categories (from 1-low risk to 7-high risk) reflecting the intensity of political risk.

Riesgo de transacciones especiales, (1=bajo,...

i

Riesgo de transacciones especiales, (1=bajo, 7=alto)

Definition: Special cash transactions are mainly contracting works and projects with long realization periods but payable on a cash basis as the work progresses. Political risk covers the risks of foreign exchange shortages, wars, revolutions, natural disasters and arbitrary government actions Countries are classified into seven categories (from 1-low risk to 7-high risk) reflecting the intensity of political risk.

Riesgo de transferencia, (1=bajo, 7=alto)

i

Riesgo de transferencia, (1=bajo, 7=alto)

Definition: Transfer risk = Political risk related to countries’ solvency. Countries are classified into seven categories: from 1 (low risk) to 7 (high risk).

Riesgo de expropiación, (1=bajo, 7=alto)

i

Riesgo de expropiación, (1=bajo, 7=alto)

Definition: Risk of expropriation and government action = The risk of expropriation and government action covers the risks of expropriation, breach of contract by the government, a possible negative change of attitude towards foreign investors, and also risks related to the functioning of the judiciary system. Countries are classified into seven categories: from 1 (low risk) to 7 (high risk).

Riesgo de guerra, (1=bajo, 7=alto)

i

Riesgo de guerra, (1=bajo, 7=alto)

Definition: War Risk = War risk covers the risks of external conflicts and the risks of domestic political violence. Domestic political violence includes terrorism, civil unrest, socio-economic conflicts, racial and ethnic tension and the extreme case of civil war. Countries are classified into seven categories (from 1-low risk to 7-high risk) reflecting the intensity of war risk.

Deuda externa

Deuda externa, porcentaje de Ingreso Nacional...

i

Deuda externa, porcentaje de Ingreso Nacional Bruto

Definition: Total external debt stocks to gross national income. Total external debt is debt owed to nonresidents repayable in currency, goods, or services. Total external debt is the sum of public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed long-term debt, use of IMF credit, and short-term debt. Short-term debt includes all debt having an original maturity of one year or less and interest in arrears on long-term debt. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad.

Deuda a corto plazo, porcentaje de la deuda...

i

Deuda a corto plazo, porcentaje de la deuda externa total

Definition: Short-term debt includes all debt having an original maturity of one year or less and interest in arrears on long-term debt. Total external debt is debt owed to nonresidents repayable in currency, goods, or services. Total external debt is the sum of public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed long-term debt, use of IMF credit, and short-term debt.

Infraestructura y transporte

Usuarios de Internet, por cada 100 personas

i

Usuarios de Internet, por cada 100 personas

Definition: Internet users are individuals who have used the Internet (from any location) in the last 12 months. Internet can be used via a computer, mobile phone, personal digital assistant, games machine, digital TV etc.

Abonados a Internet de banda ancha

i

Abonados a Internet de banda ancha

Definition: Fixed broadband subscriptions refers to fixed subscriptions to high-speed access to the public Internet (a TCP/IP connection), at downstream speeds equal to, or greater than, 256 kbit/s. This includes cable modem, DSL, fiber-to-the-home/building, other fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions, satellite broadband and terrestrial fixed wireless broadband. This total is measured irrespective of the method of payment. It excludes subscriptions that have access to data communications (including the Internet) via mobile-cellular networks. It should include fixed WiMAX and any other fixed wireless technologies. It includes both residential subscriptions and subscriptions for organizations.

Abonados a Internet de banda ancha fija x cada...

i

Abonados a Internet de banda ancha fija x cada 100 personas

Definition: Fixed broadband subscriptions refers to fixed subscriptions to high-speed access to the public Internet (a TCP/IP connection), at downstream speeds equal to, or greater than, 256 kbit/s. This includes cable modem, DSL, fiber-to-the-home/building, other fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions, satellite broadband and terrestrial fixed wireless broadband. This total is measured irrespective of the method of payment. It excludes subscriptions that have access to data communications (including the Internet) via mobile-cellular networks. It should include fixed WiMAX and any other fixed wireless technologies. It includes both residential subscriptions and subscriptions for organizations.

Abonados de telefonía móvil, en millones

i

Abonados de telefonía móvil, en millones

Definition: Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions are subscriptions to a public mobile telephone service that provide access to the PSTN using cellular technology. The indicator includes (and is split into) the number of postpaid subscriptions, and the number of active prepaid accounts (i.e. that have been used during the last three months). The indicator applies to all mobile cellular subscriptions that offer voice communications. It excludes subscriptions via data cards or USB modems, subscriptions to public mobile data services, private trunked mobile radio, telepoint, radio paging and telemetry services.

Abonados de telefonía móvil, por cada 100...

i

Abonados de telefonía móvil, por cada 100 personas

Definition: Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions are subscriptions to a public mobile telephone service that provide access to the PSTN using cellular technology. The indicator includes (and is split into) the number of postpaid subscriptions, and the number of active prepaid accounts (i.e. that have been used during the last three months). The indicator applies to all mobile cellular subscriptions that offer voice communications. It excludes subscriptions via data cards or USB modems, subscriptions to public mobile data services, private trunked mobile radio, telepoint, radio paging and telemetry services.

Pasajeros aéreos de aerolíneas de propiedad...

i

Pasajeros aéreos de aerolíneas de propiedad nacional

Definition: Air passengers carried include both domestic and international aircraft passengers of air carriers registered in the country.

Línea ferroviaria, longitud total en km

i

Línea ferroviaria, longitud total en km

Definition: Rail lines are the length of railway route available for train service, irrespective of the number of parallel tracks.

Volumen de mercancías transportadas por...

i

Volumen de mercancías transportadas por ferrocarril

Definition: Goods transported by railway are the volume of goods transported by railway, measured in metric tons times kilometers traveled.

Pasajeros de ferrocarril

i

Pasajeros de ferrocarril

Definition: Passengers carried by railway are the number of passengers transported by rail times kilometers traveled.

Número de contenedores de 20 pies que pasan...

i

Número de contenedores de 20 pies que pasan por los puertos

Definition: Port container traffic measures the flow of containers from land to sea transport modes., and vice versa, in twenty-foot equivalent units (TEUs), a standard-size container. Data refer to coastal shipping as well as international journeys. Transshipment traffic is counted as two lifts at the intermediate port (once to off-load and again as an outbound lift) and includes empty units.

Calidad de la infraestructura ferroviaria,...

i

Calidad de la infraestructura ferroviaria, 1(baja) - 7(alta)

Definition: The Quality of railroad infrastrucutre indicator is one of the components of the Global Competitiveness Index published annually by the World Economic Forum (WEF). It represents an assessment of the quality of the railroad system in a given country based on data from the WEF Executive Opinion Survey, a long-running and extensive survey tapping the opinions of over 14,000 business leaders in 144 countries. The score for railroad infrastrucutre quality is based on only one question. The respondents are asked to rate the railroads in their country of operation on a scale from 1 (underdeveloped) to 7 (extensive and efficient by international standards). The individual responses are aggregated to produce a country score.

Venta de vehículos de pasajeros nuevos, cifra...

i

Venta de vehículos de pasajeros nuevos, cifra por año

Definition:

Venta de vehículos comerciales nuevos, cifra...

i

Venta de vehículos comerciales nuevos, cifra por año

Definition:

Calidad de la infraestructura portuaria,...

i

Calidad de la infraestructura portuaria, 1(baja) - 7(alta)

Definition: The Quality of port infrastrucutre indicator is one of the components of the Global Competitiveness Index published annually by the World Economic Forum (WEF). It represents an assessment of the quality of port facilities in a given country based on data from the WEF Executive Opinion Survey, a long-running and extensive survey tapping the opinions of over 14,000 business leaders in 144 countries. The score for port infrastrucutre quality is based on only one question. The respondents are asked to rate the port facilities and inland waterways in their country of operation on a scale from 1 (underdeveloped) to 7 (extensive and efficient by international standards). For landlocked countries, the respondents are asked to rate the access to port facilities and inland waterways on a scale from 1 (impossible) to 7 (easy). The individual responses are aggregated to produce a country score.

Ancho de banda intl. de Internet x usuario de...

i

Ancho de banda intl. de Internet x usuario de Internet, kb/s

Definition: International Internet bandwidth is the sum of the capacity of all Internet exchanges offering international bandwidth measured in kilobits per second (kb/s).

Calidad de infraestructura transp. aéreo,...

i

Calidad de infraestructura transp. aéreo, 1(baja) - 7(alta)

Definition: The Quality of air transport infrastructure indicator is one of the components of the Global Competitiveness Index published annually by the World Economic Forum (WEF). It represents an assessment of the quality of airports in a given country based on data from the WEF Executive Opinion Survey, a long-running and extensive survey tapping the opinions of over 14,000 business leaders in 144 countries. The score for air transport infrastructure quality is based on only one question. The respondents are asked to rate the passenger air transport in their country of operation on a scale from 1 (underdeveloped) to 7 (extensive and efficient by international standards). The individual responses are aggregated to produce a country score.

Cobertura de la red de telefonía móvil, % de...

i

Cobertura de la red de telefonía móvil, % de la población

Definition: Mobile network coverage measures the percentage of inhabitants who are within range of a mobile cellular signal, irrespective of whether or not they are subscribers. This is calculated by dividing the number of inhabitants within range of a mobile cellular signal by the total population.

Calidad de las carreteras, 1(baja) - 7(alta)

i

Calidad de las carreteras, 1(baja) - 7(alta)

Definition: The Road quality indicator is one of the components of the Global Competitiveness Index published annually by the World Economic Forum (WEF). It represents an assessment of the quality of roads in a given country based on data from the WEF Executive Opinion Survey, a long-running and extensive survey tapping the opinions of over 14,000 business leaders in 144 countries. The road quality indicator score is based on only one question. The respondents are asked to rate the roads in their country of operation on a scale from 1 (underdeveloped) to 7 (extensive and efficient by international standards). The individual responses are aggregated to produce a country score.

Energía y medio ambiente

Precios de gasolina en estación servicio, en...

i

Precios de gasolina en estación servicio, en dólares x litro

Definition:

Precios del diésel en estación servicio, en...

i

Precios del diésel en estación servicio, en dólares x litro

Definition:

Consumo de energía per cápita

i

Consumo de energía per cápita

Definition: Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.

Energía alternativa y nuclear, % del consumo...

i

Energía alternativa y nuclear, % del consumo total de energía

Definition: Clean energy is noncarbohydrate energy that does not produce carbon dioxide when generated. It includes hydropower and nuclear, geothermal, and solar power, among others.

Consumo de energía por cada $1000 de PIB

i

Consumo de energía por cada $1000 de PIB

Definition: Energy use per PPP GDP is the kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use per constant PPP GDP. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to 2011 constant international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States.

Produc. de electricidad de fuentes renovables,...

i

Produc. de electricidad de fuentes renovables, mill. de kWh

Definition: Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric, includes geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels.

Emisiones de dióxido de carbono, miles de...

i

Emisiones de dióxido de carbono, miles de toneladas

Definition: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.

Emisiones de dióxido de carbono per cápita

i

Emisiones de dióxido de carbono per cápita

Definition: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.

PIB por unidad de energía utilizada

i

PIB por unidad de energía utilizada

Definition: GDP per unit of energy use is the PPP GDP per kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to 2011 constant international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States.

Energía alternativa y nuclear, % del total de...

i

Energía alternativa y nuclear, % del total de uso de energía

Definition: Net energy imports are estimated as energy use less production, both measured in oil equivalents. A negative value indicates that the country is a net exporter. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.

Ingresos de recursos naturales, porcentaje del PIB

i

Ingresos de recursos naturales, porcentaje del PIB

Definition: Total natural resources rents are the sum of oil rents, natural gas rents, coal rents (hard and soft), mineral rents, and forest rents.

Ingresos menos costo de producción del...

i

Ingresos menos costo de producción del petróleo, % del PIB

Definition: Oil rents are the difference between the value of crude oil production at world prices and total costs of production.

Ingresos menos costo de producción de gas...

i

Ingresos menos costo de producción de gas natural, % del PIB

Definition: Natural gas rents are the difference between the value of natural gas production at world prices and total costs of production.

Acceso a la electricidad, % de la población

i

Acceso a la electricidad, % de la población

Definition: Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.

Industria: Petróleo, carbón y electr.

Reservas de petróleo, miles de millones de...

i

Reservas de petróleo, miles de millones de barriles

Definition: Proved reserves of crude oil are the estimated quantities of all liquids defined as crude oil, which geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions.

Producción de gasolina, miles de barriles/día

i

Producción de gasolina, miles de barriles/día

Definition: Gasoline production includes production of: conventional gasoline; all types of oxygenated gasoline, including gasohol; and reformulated gasoline; but excludes production of aviation gasoline. Volumetric data on blending components, such as oxygenates, are not counted in data on finished motor gasoline until the blending components are blended into the gasoline.

Producción combustible de aviación, miles de...

i

Producción combustible de aviación, miles de barriles/día

Definition:

Producción de gas licuado de petróleo, miles...

i

Producción de gas licuado de petróleo, miles de barriles/día

Definition:

Consumo de petróleo, miles de barriles/día

i

Consumo de petróleo, miles de barriles/día

Definition: Oil consumption (Total petroleum consumption) includes internal consumption, refinery fuel and loss, and bunkering. Also included, where available, is direct combustion of crude oil.

Consumo de gasolina, miles de barriles/día

i

Consumo de gasolina, miles de barriles/día

Definition:

Consumo de combustible de aviación, miles de...

i

Consumo de combustible de aviación, miles de barriles/día

Definition:

Consumo de gas licuado de petróleo, miles de...

i

Consumo de gas licuado de petróleo, miles de barriles/día

Definition: Liquefied petroleum gases include ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, normal butane, butylene, isobutane, and isobutylene. The Liquefied Petroleum Gases consumption also includes, where data are available, liquefied petroleum gases sold directly from natural gas processing plants for fuel or chemical uses and pentanes plus.

Producción de carbón, miles de toneladas cortas

i

Producción de carbón, miles de toneladas cortas

Definition: Total primary coal production (Coal includes anthracite, subanthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, lignite, brown coal, and oil shale.)

Consumo de carbón, miles de toneladas cortas

i

Consumo de carbón, miles de toneladas cortas

Definition: Coal consumption includes anthracite, subanthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, lignite, brown coal, and oil shale. It also includes net imports of metallurgical coke.

Importaciones de carbón, miles de toneladas...

i

Importaciones de carbón, miles de toneladas cortas

Definition:

Exportaciones de carbón, miles de toneladas...

i

Exportaciones de carbón, miles de toneladas cortas

Definition:

Producción de electricidad, miles de millones...

i

Producción de electricidad, miles de millones de kWh

Definition: Total electricity net generation (Net generation excludes the energy consumed by the generating units)

Consumo de electricidad, miles de millones de kWh

i

Consumo de electricidad, miles de millones de kWh

Definition: Total Electricity Net Consumption = total net electricity generation + electricity imports - electricity exports – electricity transmission and distribution losses. Net consumption excludes the energy consumed by the generating units.

Capacidad producción de electricidad, millones...

i

Capacidad producción de electricidad, millones de kilovatios

Definition: Total Electricity Installed Capacity (Million Kilowatts)

Importaciones de electricidad, miles de...

i

Importaciones de electricidad, miles de millones de kWh

Definition:

Exportaciones de electricidad, miles de...

i

Exportaciones de electricidad, miles de millones de kWh

Definition:

Generación de energía renovable, miles de...

i

Generación de energía renovable, miles de millones de kWh

Definition: Total Renewables Electricity Net Generation (Net generation excludes the energy consumed by the generating units and also excludes generation from hydroelectric pumped storage)

Energy mix

Generación energía hidroeléctrica, miles de...

i

Generación energía hidroeléctrica, miles de millones de kWh

Definition: Hydroelectric generation excludes generation from hydroelectric pumped storage.

Generación de energía nuclear, miles de...

i

Generación de energía nuclear, miles de millones de kWh

Definition: Nuclear electricity net generation (Net generation excludes the energy consumed by the generating units)

Agricultura

Superficie forestal, porcentaje de superficie...

i

Superficie forestal, porcentaje de superficie total

Definition: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees of at least 5 meters in situ, whether productive or not, and excludes tree stands in agricultural production systems (for example, in fruit plantations and agroforestry systems) and trees in urban parks and gardens.

Porcentaje de tierras agrícolas

i

Porcentaje de tierras agrícolas

Definition: Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops.

Empleo en la agricultura, % del empleo total

i

Empleo en la agricultura, % del empleo total

Definition: Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The agriculture sector consists of activities in agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing, in accordance with division 1 (ISIC 2) or categories A-B (ISIC 3) or category A (ISIC 4).

Valor agregado en sector agrícola como...

i

Valor agregado en sector agrícola como porcentaje del PIB

Definition: Agriculture corresponds to ISIC divisions 1-5 and includes forestry, hunting, and fishing, as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.

Valor agregado de agricultura, miles de...

i

Valor agregado de agricultura, miles de millones de USD

Definition:

Tierras agrícolas, km2

i

Tierras agrícolas, km2

Definition: Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops.

Índice de producción de cultivos (2004-2006 =...

i

Índice de producción de cultivos (2004-2006 = 100)

Definition: Crop production index shows agricultural production for each year relative to the base period 2004-2006. It includes all crops except fodder crops. Regional and income group aggregates for the FAO's production indexes are calculated from the underlying values in international dollars, normalized to the base period 2004-2006.

Precipitaciones, mm por año

i

Precipitaciones, mm por año

Definition: Average precipitation is the long-term average in depth (over space and time) of annual precipitation in the country. Precipitation is defined as any kind of water that falls from clouds as a liquid or a solid.

Tierras cultivables, % de superficie total

i

Tierras cultivables, % de superficie total

Definition: Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.

Rendimiento de cereales, kg por hectárea

i

Rendimiento de cereales, kg por hectárea

Definition: Cereal yield, measured as kilograms per hectare of harvested land, includes wheat, rice, maize, barley, oats, rye, millet, sorghum, buckwheat, and mixed grains. Production data on cereals relate to crops harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested green for food, feed, or silage and those used for grazing are excluded. The FAO allocates production data to the calendar year in which the bulk of the harvest took place. Most of a crop harvested near the end of a year will be used in the following year.

Índice de producción de alimentos (2004-2006...

i

Índice de producción de alimentos (2004-2006 = 100)

Definition: Food production index covers food crops that are considered edible and that contain nutrients. Coffee and tea are excluded because, although edible, they have no nutritive value.

Población rural, porcentaje de la población...

i

Población rural, porcentaje de la población total

Definition: Rural population refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population.

Uso de fertilizantes, kg por hectárea de...

i

Uso de fertilizantes, kg por hectárea de terreno cultivable

Definition: Fertilizer consumption measures the quantity of plant nutrients used per unit of arable land. Fertilizer products cover nitrogenous, potash, and phosphate fertilizers (including ground rock phosphate). Traditional nutrients--animal and plant manures--are not included. For the purpose of data dissemination, FAO has adopted the concept of a calendar year (January to December). Some countries compile fertilizer data on a calendar year basis, while others are on a split-year basis. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.

Índice de producción ganadera (2004-2006 = 100)

i

Índice de producción ganadera (2004-2006 = 100)

Definition: Livestock production index includes meat and milk from all sources, dairy products such as cheese, and eggs, honey, raw silk, wool, and hides and skins.

Superficie forestal, km2

i

Superficie forestal, km2

Definition: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees of at least 5 meters in situ, whether productive or not, and excludes tree stands in agricultural production systems (for example, in fruit plantations and agroforestry systems) and trees in urban parks and gardens.

Acceso al sistema bancario

Cajeros automáticos por cada 100 000 adultos

i

Cajeros automáticos por cada 100 000 adultos

Definition: Number of ATMs per 100,000 adults. Automated teller machines are computerized telecommunications devices that provide clients of a financial institution with access to financial transactions in a public place.

Cuentas bancarias por cada 1000 adultos

i

Cuentas bancarias por cada 1000 adultos

Definition: Number of depositors with commercial banks per 1,000 adults.

Cías. que usan créd. bancario p. financ....

i

Cías. que usan créd. bancario p. financ. invers., % total cías.

Definition: Percentage of firms using banks to finance purchases of fixed assets.

% personas mayores de 15 años que tienen una...

i

% personas mayores de 15 años que tienen una tarj. crédito

Definition: The percentage of respondents with a credit card (% age 15+). The data are from the World bank Global Financial Inclusion survey.

Pequeñas empresas c/créd. bancarios, % total...

i

Pequeñas empresas c/créd. bancarios, % total pequeñas emp.

Definition: Percentage of small firms (5-19 workers) in the formal sector with a line of credit or a loan from a (formal) financial institution, such as a bank, credit union, microfinance institution, or cooperative.

% personas mayores de 15 años que tienen una...

i

% personas mayores de 15 años que tienen una tarj. débito

Definition: The percentage of respondents with a debit card (% age 15+). Data are from the World Bank Global Financial Inclusion survey.

Bank concentration: percent of bank assets held...

i

Bank concentration: percent of bank assets held by top three banks

Definition: Raw data are from Bankscope. (Sum(data2025) for three largest banks in Bankscope) / (Sum(data2025) for all banks in Bankscope). Only reported if number of banks in Bankscope is 3 or more. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.

Sucursales bancarias por cada 100 000 personas

i

Sucursales bancarias por cada 100 000 personas

Definition: Number of commercial bank branches per 100,000 adults.

Estabilidad del sistema bancario

Préstamos de cobro dudoso como % de total...

i

Préstamos de cobro dudoso como % de total préstamos bancarios

Definition: Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans are the value of nonperforming loans divided by the total value of the loan portfolio (including nonperforming loans before the deduction of specific loan-loss provisions). The loan amount recorded as nonperforming should be the gross value of the loan as recorded on the balance sheet, not just the amount that is overdue.

Crédito bancario como porcentaje de depósitos...

i

Crédito bancario como porcentaje de depósitos bancarios

Definition: The financial resources provided to the private sector by domestic money banks as a share of total deposits. Domestic money banks comprise commercial banks and other financial institutions that accept transferable deposits, such as demand deposits. Total deposits include demand, time and saving deposits in deposit money banks.

Puntuaciones z de sistemas bancarios

i

Puntuaciones z de sistemas bancarios

Definition: The index captures the probability of default of a country's banking system. Z-score compares the buffer of a country's banking system (capitalization and returns) with the volatility of those returns. It is estimated as (ROA+(equity/assets))/sd(ROA); sd(ROA) is the standard deviation of ROA. ROA, equity, and assets are country-level aggregate figures. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.

Activos líquidos/depósitos de banco y fondos...

i

Activos líquidos/depósitos de banco y fondos a corto plazo

Definition: The ratio of the value of liquid assets (easily converted to cash) to short-term funding plus total deposits. Liquid assets include cash and due from banks, trading securities and at fair value through income, loans and advances to banks, reverse repos and cash collaterals. Deposits and short term funding includes total customer deposits (current, savings and term) and short term borrowing (money market instruments, CDs and other deposits).

Capital del sistema bancario, porcentaje de...

i

Capital del sistema bancario, porcentaje de activos

Definition: Ratio of bank capital and reserves to total assets. Capital and reserves include funds contributed by owners, retained earnings, general and special reserves, provisions, and valuation adjustments. Capital includes tier 1 capital (paid-up shares and common stock), which is a common feature in all countries' banking systems, and total regulatory capital, which includes several specified types of subordinated debt instruments that need not be repaid if the funds are required to maintain minimum capital levels (these comprise tier 2 and tier 3 capital). Total assets include all nonfinancial and financial assets. Reported by IMF staff. Note that due to differences in national accounting, taxation, and supervisory regimes, these data are not strictly comparable across countries.

Capital base/activos ponderados x riesgo del...

i

Capital base/activos ponderados x riesgo del sistema bancario

Definition: The capital adequacy of deposit takers. It is a ratio of total regulatory capital to its assets held, weighted according to the risk of those assets.

Eficiencia del sistema bancario

Gastos generales de bancos, % del total de activos

i

Gastos generales de bancos, % del total de activos

Definition: Operating expenses of a bank as a share of the value of all assets held. Total assets include total earning assets, cash and due from banks, foreclosed real estate, fixed assets, goodwill, other intangibles, current tax assets, deferred tax assets, discontinued operations and other assets. The numerator and denominator are first aggregated on the country level before division. Note that banks used in the calculation might differ between indicators. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.

Margen tasa interés prestamos-depósitos del...

i

Margen tasa interés prestamos-depósitos del banco

Definition: Difference between the lending rate and the deposit rate. The lending rate is the rate charged by banks on loans to the private sector and the deposit interest rate is the rate offered by commercial banks on three-month deposits.

Rentabilidad bancaria sobre los activos, en...

i

Rentabilidad bancaria sobre los activos, en porcentaje

Definition: Commercial banks’ pre-tax income to yearly averaged total assets. The numerator and denominator are first aggregated on the country level before division. Note that banks used in the calculation might differ between indicators. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.

Rentabilidad bancaria sobre el patrimonio, en...

i

Rentabilidad bancaria sobre el patrimonio, en porcentaje

Definition: Commercial banks’ pre-tax income to yearly averaged equity. The numerator and denominator are first aggregated on the country level before division. Note that banks used in the calculation might differ between indicators. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.

Ingresos no financieros/ingresos totales del...

i

Ingresos no financieros/ingresos totales del banco, en %

Definition: Bank’s income that has been generated by noninterest related activities as a percentage of total income (net-interest income plus noninterest income). Noninterest related income includes net gains on trading and derivatives, net gains on other securities, net fees and commissions and other operating income. The number is only calculated when net-interest income is not negative. Note that banks used in the calculation might differ between indicators. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.

Ingresos x intereses bancarios, % activos que...

i

Ingresos x intereses bancarios, % activos que generan intereses

Definition: Accounting value of bank's net interest revenue as a share of its average interest-bearing (total earning) assets. The numerator and denominator are aggregated on the country level before division. Note that banks used in the calculation might differ between indicators. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.

Ratio costes/ingresos de banco, en porcentaje

i

Ratio costes/ingresos de banco, en porcentaje

Definition: Operating expenses of a bank as a share of the sum of net-interest revenue and other operating income. The numerator and denominator are first aggregated on the country level before division. Note that banks used in the calculation might differ between indicators. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.

Profundidad del sistema bancario

Crédito bancario al sector privado como % del PIB

i

Crédito bancario al sector privado como % del PIB

Definition: Domestic credit to private sector by banks refers to financial resources provided to the private sector by other depository corporations (deposit taking corporations except central banks), such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities, and trade credits and other accounts receivable, that establish a claim for repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public enterprises.

Pasivos líquidos, % del PIB

i

Pasivos líquidos, % del PIB

Definition: Ratio of liquid liabilities to GDP. Liquid liabilities are also known as broad money, or M3. They are the sum of currency and deposits in the central bank (M0), plus transferable deposits and electronic currency (M1), plus time and savings deposits, foreign currency transferable deposits, certificates of deposit, and securities repurchase agreements (M2), plus travelers checks, foreign currency time deposits, commercial paper, and shares of mutual funds or market funds held by residents.

Activos bancarios, porcentaje del PIB

i

Activos bancarios, porcentaje del PIB

Definition: Total assets held by deposit money banks as a share of GDP. Assets include claims on domestic real nonfinancial sector which includes central, state and local governments, nonfinancial public enterprises and private sector. Deposit money banks comprise commercial banks and other financial institutions that accept transferable deposits, such as demand deposits.

Crédito interno al sector privado, % del PIB

i

Crédito interno al sector privado, % del PIB

Definition: Domestic credit to private sector refers to financial resources provided to the private sector, such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities, and trade credits and other accounts receivable, that establish a claim for repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public enterprises.

Crédito bancario a gobierno y empresas...

i

Crédito bancario a gobierno y empresas públicas, % del PIB

Definition: Raw data are from the electronic version of the IMF’s International Financial Statistics. (IFS line 22A + line 22B + line 22C) / GDP. Local currency GDP is from IFS (line 99B..ZF or, if not available, line 99B.CZF).

Depósitos del sistema financiero, % del PIB

i

Depósitos del sistema financiero, % del PIB

Definition: Demand, time and saving deposits in deposit money banks and other financial institutions as a share of GDP.

Sistema bancario: otros indicadores

Tipos de interés del crédito bancario al...

i

Tipos de interés del crédito bancario al sector privado

Definition: Lending rate is the bank rate that usually meets the short- and medium-term financing needs of the private sector. This rate is normally differentiated according to creditworthiness of borrowers and objectives of financing. The terms and conditions attached to these rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability.

Tasa de interés real: Tasa activa bancaria...

i

Tasa de interés real: Tasa activa bancaria menos inflación

Definition: Real interest rate is the lending interest rate adjusted for inflation as measured by the GDP deflator. The terms and conditions attached to lending rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability.

Índice de intercambio de inf. crediticia, 0...

i

Índice de intercambio de inf. crediticia, 0 (bajo) - 8 (alto)

Definition: Depth of credit information index measures rules affecting the scope, accessibility, and quality of credit information available through public or private credit registries. The index ranges from 0 to 8, with higher values indicating the availability of more credit information, from either a public registry or a private bureau, to facilitate lending decisions.

Índice de derechos legales de acreedores y...

i

Índice de derechos legales de acreedores y deudores (0 - 12)

Definition: Strength of legal rights index measures the degree to which collateral and bankruptcy laws protect the rights of borrowers and lenders and thus facilitate lending. The index ranges from 0 to 12, with higher scores indicating that these laws are better designed to expand access to credit.

Activos bancos extranjeros como % de total...

i

Activos bancos extranjeros como % de total activos bancarios

Definition: Percentage of the total banking assets that are held by foreign banks. A foreign bank is a bank where 50 percent or more of its shares are owned by foreigners.

Mercado bursátil

Capitalización del mercado bursátil como %...

i

Capitalización del mercado bursátil como % del PIB

Definition: Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding (including their several classes) for listed domestic companies. Investment funds, unit trusts, and companies whose only business goal is to hold shares of other listed companies are excluded. Data are end of year values.

Capitalización del mercado bursátil, miles de...

i

Capitalización del mercado bursátil, miles de millones de USD

Definition:

Índice de rotación del mercado bursátil

i

Índice de rotación del mercado bursátil

Definition: Turnover ratio is the value of domestic shares traded divided by their market capitalization. The value is annualized by multiplying the monthly average by 12.

Número de empresas que cotizan en Bolsa

i

Número de empresas que cotizan en Bolsa

Definition: Listed domestic companies, including foreign companies which are exclusively listed, are those which have shares listed on an exchange at the end of the year. Investment funds, unit trusts, and companies whose only business goal is to hold shares of other listed companies, such as holding companies and investment companies, regardless of their legal status, are excluded. A company with several classes of shares is counted once. Only companies admitted to listing on the exchange are included.

Valor cotizado en bolsa, % del PIB

i

Valor cotizado en bolsa, % del PIB

Definition: Total value of all traded shares in a stock market exchange as a percentage of GDP. The following deflation method is used: {(0.5)*[Ft/P_et + Ft-1/P_et-1]}/[GDPt/P_at] where F is stock market capitalization, P_e is end-of period CPI, and P_a is average annual CPI.

Activos de fondos mutuos, % del PIB

i

Activos de fondos mutuos, % del PIB

Definition: Ratio of assets of mutual funds to GDP. A mutual fund is a type of managed collective investment scheme that pools money from many investors to purchase securities. Data taken from a variety of sources such as Investment Company Institute and national sources.

Rentabilidad del mercado bursátil, porcentaje

i

Rentabilidad del mercado bursátil, porcentaje

Definition: Stock market return is the growth rate of annual average stock market index. Annual average stock market index is constructed by taking the average of the daily stock market indexes available at Bloomberg.

Capitaliz. bursátil s/1ras. 10 emp., %...

i

Capitaliz. bursátil s/1ras. 10 emp., % capitaliz. total mcdo.

Definition: Value of listed shares outside of the top ten largest companies to total value of all listed shares.

Valor negociado en bolsa s/1ras. 10 emp., %...

i

Valor negociado en bolsa s/1ras. 10 emp., % val. total negociado

Definition: Value of all traded shares outside of the top ten largest traded companies as a share of total value of all traded shares in a stock market exchange. WFE provides data on the exchange level. This variable is aggregated up to the country level by taking a simple average over exchanges.

Volatilidad de los precios de las acciones,...

i

Volatilidad de los precios de las acciones, porcentaje

Definition: Stock price volatility is the average of the 360-day volatility of the national stock market index.

Inversión financiada c/capital o vta....

i

Inversión financiada c/capital o vta. acciones, % de inv. total

Definition: The estimated proportion of purchases of fixed assets that was financed by the owners’ contribution or issue of new equity shares.

Seguros, no bancarios y pensiones

Activos de instituciones financieras no...

i

Activos de instituciones financieras no bancarias, % del PIB

Definition: ...Claims on domestic real nonfinancial sector by other financial institutions as a share of GDP, calculated using the following deflation method: {(0.5)*[Ft/P_et + Ft-1/P_et-1]}/[GDPt/P_at] where F is other financial institutions' claims, P_e is end-of period CPI, and P_a is average annual CPI. Raw data are from the IMF’s International Financial Statistics.

Volumen de primas de seguros de vida, % del PIB

i

Volumen de primas de seguros de vida, % del PIB

Definition: Ratio of life insurance premium volume to GDP. Premium volume is the insurer's direct premiums earned (if Property/Casualty) or received (if Life/Health) during the previous calendar year. Premium data are taken from various issues of Sigma reports (Swiss Re). Data on GDP in US dollars is from the electronic version of the World Development Indicators.

Volumen de primas de seguros no-vida, % del PIB

i

Volumen de primas de seguros no-vida, % del PIB

Definition: Ratio of non-life insurance premium volume to GDP. Premium volume is the insurer's direct premiums earned (if Property/Casualty) or received (if Life/Health) during the previous calendar year. Premium data are taken from various issues of Sigma reports (Swiss Re). Data on GDP in US dollars is from the electronic version of the World Development Indicators.

Activos de fondos de pensiones como % del PIB

i

Activos de fondos de pensiones como % del PIB

Definition: Ratio of assets of pension funds to GDP. A pension fund is any plan, fund, or scheme that provides retirement income. Data taken from a variety of sources such as OECD, AIOS, FIAP and national sources.

Activos de compañías de seguros, % del PIB

i

Activos de compañías de seguros, % del PIB

Definition: Ratio of assets of insurance companies to GDP. Data taken from a variety of sources such as AXCO and national sources.

Innovación

Índice de innovaciones (0-100)

i

Índice de innovaciones (0-100)

Definition: The Global Innovation Index includes two sub-indices: the Innovation Input Sub-Index and the Innovation Output Sub-Index. The first sub-index is based on five pillars: Institutions, Human capital and research, Infrastructure, Market sophistication, and Business sophistication. The second sub-index is based on two pillars: Knowledge and technology outputs and Creative outputs. Each pillar is divided into sub-pillars and each sub-pillar is composed of individual indicators.

Gasto en investigación y desarrollo, % del PIB

i

Gasto en investigación y desarrollo, % del PIB

Definition: Expenditures for research and development are current and capital expenditures (both public and private) on creative work undertaken systematically to increase knowledge, including knowledge of humanity, culture, and society, and the use of knowledge for new applications. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.

Export. tecnología de información, % total...

i

Export. tecnología de información, % total export. de bienes

Definition: Information and communication technology goods exports include computers and peripheral equipment, communication equipment, consumer electronic equipment, electronic components, and other information and technology goods (miscellaneous).

Exportaciones de alta tecnología

i

Exportaciones de alta tecnología

Definition: High-technology exports are products with high R&D intensity, such as in aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments, and electrical machinery. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Export. alta tecnología, % de exportaciones...

i

Export. alta tecnología, % de exportaciones manufacturadas

Definition: High-technology exports are products with high R&D intensity, such as in aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments, and electrical machinery.

Solicitudes de patentes presentadas por residentes

i

Solicitudes de patentes presentadas por residentes

Definition: Patent applications are worldwide patent applications filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty procedure or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention--a product or process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem. A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent for a limited period, generally 20 years.

Libertad económica

Índice de derechos de propiedad (0-100)

i

Índice de derechos de propiedad (0-100)

Definition: The property rights index measures the degree to which a country’s laws protect private property rights and the degree to which its government enforces those laws. It also assesses the likelihood that private property will be expropriated and analyzes the independence of the judiciary, the existence of corruption within the judiciary, and the ability of individuals and businesses to enforce contracts. Higher index values denote more certain legal protection of property.

Índice de libertad frente a la corrupción...

i

Índice de libertad frente a la corrupción (0-100)

Definition: The score for the Freedom of corruption index is derived primarily from Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index. For countries that are not covered in the CPI the freedom from corruption score is determined by using information from internationally recognized and reliable sources. Higher index values denote lower level of corruption.

Índice de libertad fiscal (0-100)

i

Índice de libertad fiscal (0-100)

Definition: The Fiscal freedom index measures the tax burden imposed by government. It is composed of three quantitative factors: the top marginal tax rate on individual income, the top marginal tax rate on corporate income, and the total tax burden as a percentage of GDP.

Índice de libertad empresarial (0-100)

i

Índice de libertad empresarial (0-100)

Definition: The Business freedom index is based on 10 indicators, using data from the World Bank’s Doing Business study: Starting a business-procedures (number), time (days), cost (% of income per capita), and minimum capital (% of income per capita); Obtaining a license—procedures (number), time (days), and cost (% of income per capita); Closing a business—time (years), cost (% of estate), and recovery rate (cents on the dollar).

Índice de libertad laboral (0-100)

i

Índice de libertad laboral (0-100)

Definition: The Labor freedom index is composed of six quantitative factors: ratio of minimum wage to the average value added per worker, hindrance to hiring additional workers, rigidity of hours, difficulty of firing redundant employees, legally mandated notice period, and mandatory severance pay. The index is based on data collected in connection with the World Bank’s Doing Business study.

Índice de libertad monetaria (0-100)

i

Índice de libertad monetaria (0-100)

Definition: The score for the Monetary freedom index is based on two factors: the weighted average inflation rate for the most recent three years and price controls. Higher index values denote price stability without microeconomic intervention.

Índice de libertad de comercio (0-100)

i

Índice de libertad de comercio (0-100)

Definition: The Trade freedom index is based on two indicators: the trade-weighted average tariff rate and non-tariff barriers (including quantity, price, regulatory, customs and investment restrictions, and direct government intervention).

Índice de libertad de inversión (0-100)

i

Índice de libertad de inversión (0-100)

Definition: The Investment freedom index evaluates a variety of investment restrictions (burdensome bureaucracy, restrictions on land ownership, expropriation of investments without fair compensation, foreign exchange controls, capital control, security problems, a lack of basic investment infrastructure, etc.). Points are deducted from the ideal score of 100 for each of the restrictions found in a country’s investment regime.

Índice de libertad financiera (0-100)

i

Índice de libertad financiera (0-100)

Definition: The Financial freedom index evaluates: the extent of government regulation of financial services, the degree of state intervention in banks and other financial firms through direct and indirect ownership, the extent of financial and capital market development, government influence on the allocation of credit and openness to foreign competition. Higher index values denote banking efficiency and independence from government control and interference in the financial sector.

Libertad económica, índice general (0-100)

i

Libertad económica, índice general (0-100)

Definition: The Overall index of economic freedom has ten components grouped into four broad categories: Rule of Law; Limited Government; Regulatory Efficiency and Open Markets. The overall economic freedom is scored on a scale of 0 to 100, where 100 represents the maximum freedom.

Salud

Gasto en salud per cápita

i

Gasto en salud per cápita

Definition: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Gasto en salud como porcentaje del PIB

i

Gasto en salud como porcentaje del PIB

Definition: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.

Esperanza de vida, en años

i

Esperanza de vida, en años

Definition: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.

Número de nacimientos por cada 1000 personas,...

i

Número de nacimientos por cada 1000 personas, por año

Definition: Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.

Tasa de mortalidad, por cada 1000 personas

i

Tasa de mortalidad, por cada 1000 personas

Definition: Crude death rate indicates the number of deaths occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.

Tasa de fecundidad, nacimientos por mujer

i

Tasa de fecundidad, nacimientos por mujer

Definition: Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with age-specific fertility rates of the specified year.

Prevalencia de VIH, % de la población entre 15...

i

Prevalencia de VIH, % de la población entre 15 y 49 años

Definition: Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV.

Casos de tuberculosis por cada 100 000 personas

i

Casos de tuberculosis por cada 100 000 personas

Definition: Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new and relapse tuberculosis cases arising in a given year, expressed as the rate per 100,000 population. All forms of TB are included, including cases in people living with HIV. Estimates for all years are recalculated as new information becomes available and techniques are refined, so they may differ from those published previously.

Porcentaje de la población rural con acceso a...

i

Porcentaje de la población rural con acceso a agua potable

Definition: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population using an improved drinking water source. The improved drinking water source includes piped water on premises (piped household water connection located inside the user’s dwelling, plot or yard), and other improved drinking water sources (public taps or standpipes, tube wells or boreholes, protected dug wells, protected springs, and rainwater collection).

Porcentaje de la población urbana con acceso a...

i

Porcentaje de la población urbana con acceso a agua potable

Definition: Access to an improved water source, urban, refers to the percentage of the urban population using an improved drinking water source. The improved drinking water source includes piped water on premises (piped household water connection located inside the user’s dwelling, plot or yard), and other improved drinking water sources (public taps or standpipes, tube wells or boreholes, protected dug wells, protected springs, and rainwater collection).

Tasa de mortalidad por suicidio, x cada 100 000...

i

Tasa de mortalidad por suicidio, x cada 100 000 habitantes

Definition: Suicide mortality rate is the number of suicide deaths in a year per 100,000 population.

Educación

Gasto público en educación, % del PIB

i

Gasto público en educación, % del PIB

Definition: General government expenditure on education (current, capital, and transfers) is expressed as a percentage of GDP. It includes expenditure funded by transfers from international sources to government. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments.

Gasto público en educación, porcentaje del...

i

Gasto público en educación, porcentaje del gasto público

Definition: Total general (local, regional and central) government expenditure on education (current, capital, and transfers), expressed as a percentage of total general government expenditure on all sectors (including health, education, social services, etc.). It includes expenditure funded by transfers from international sources to government. Public education expenditure includes spending by local/municipal, regional and national governments (excluding household contributions) on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration, and subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities). In some instances data on total public expenditure on education refers only to the ministry of education and can exclude other ministries that spend a part of their budget on educational activities. The indicator is calculated by dividing total public expenditure on education incurred by all government agencies/departments by the total government expenditure and multiplying by 100. For more information, consult the UNESCO Institute of Statistics website: http://www.uis.unesco.org/Education/

Tasa de alfabetización

i

Tasa de alfabetización

Definition: Percentage of the population age 15 and above who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life. Generally, ‘literacy’ also encompasses ‘numeracy’, the ability to make simple arithmetic calculations. This indicator is calculated by dividing the number of literates aged 15 years and over by the corresponding age group population and multiplying the result by 100.

Tasa de alfabetización femenina, entre 15 y 24...

i

Tasa de alfabetización femenina, entre 15 y 24 años

Definition: Youth (15-24) literacy rate (%). Female is the number of females age 15 to 24 years who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement on their everyday life, divided by the female population in that age group. Generally, ‘literacy’ also encompasses ‘numeracy’, the ability to make simple arithmetic calculations.

Tasa de alfabetización masculina, entre 15 y...

i

Tasa de alfabetización masculina, entre 15 y 24 años

Definition: Youth (15-24) literacy rate (%). Male is the number of males age 15 to 24 years who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement on their everyday life, divided by the male population in that age group. Generally, ‘literacy’ also encompasses ‘numeracy’, the ability to make simple arithmetic calculations.

Tasa de alfabetización juvenil, entre 15 y 24...

i

Tasa de alfabetización juvenil, entre 15 y 24 años

Definition: Youth (15-24) literacy rate (%). Total is the number of people age 15 to 24 years who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement on their everyday life, divided by the population in that age group. Generally, ‘literacy’ also encompasses ‘numeracy’, the ability to make simple arithmetic calculations.

Ratio de alumnos por maestro, escuela primaria

i

Ratio de alumnos por maestro, escuela primaria

Definition: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the average number of pupils per teacher in primary school.

Tasa de finalización de la escuela primaria

i

Tasa de finalización de la escuela primaria

Definition: Primary completion rate, or gross intake ratio to the last grade of primary education, is the number of new entrants (enrollments minus repeaters) in the last grade of primary education, regardless of age, divided by the population at the entrance age for the last grade of primary education. Data limitations preclude adjusting for students who drop out during the final year of primary education.

Edad de ingreso a la escuela primaria

i

Edad de ingreso a la escuela primaria

Definition: Entrance age of primary is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.

Proporción de alumnas y alumnos en la escuela...

i

Proporción de alumnas y alumnos en la escuela primaria

Definition: Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in primary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.

Proporción de alumnas y alumnos en la escuela...

i

Proporción de alumnas y alumnos en la escuela secundaria

Definition: Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in secondary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.

Proporción de alumnas y alumnos en Ed. Nivel...

i

Proporción de alumnas y alumnos en Ed. Nivel Terciario

Definition: Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in tertiary education is the ratio of women to men enrolled at tertiary level in public and private schools.

Matrícula en esc. preescolar, % de total...

i

Matrícula en esc. preescolar, % de total menores elegibles

Definition: Total enrollment in pre-primary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the total population of official pre-primary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.

Matrícula en esc. primaria, % de total de...

i

Matrícula en esc. primaria, % de total de menores elegibles

Definition: Total enrollment in primary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of official primary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.

Matrícula en esc. secundaria, % de total...

i

Matrícula en esc. secundaria, % de total menores elegibles

Definition: Total enrollment in secondary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of official secondary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.

Matrícula en esc. terciaria, % de todos los...

i

Matrícula en esc. terciaria, % de todos los menores elegibles

Definition: Total enrollment in tertiary education (ISCED 5 to 8), regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the total population of the five-year age group following on from secondary school leaving.

Maestros capacitados en educación primaria, %...

i

Maestros capacitados en educación primaria, % del total

Definition: Trained teachers in primary education are the percentage of primary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in a given country.

Globalización

Índice de globalización (0-100)

i

Índice de globalización (0-100)

Definition: The overall index of globalization covers the economic, social, and political dimensions of globalization. Higher values denote greater globalization.

Índice de globalización económica (0-100)

i

Índice de globalización económica (0-100)

Definition: Economic globalization has two dimensions: actual economic flows and restrictions to trade and capital. The sub-index on actual economic flows includes data on trade, FDI, and portfolio investment. The sub-index on restrictions takes into account hidden import barriers, mean tariff rates, taxes on international trade (as a share of current revenue), and an index of capital controls.

Índice de globalización política (0-100)

i

Índice de globalización política (0-100)

Definition: The degree of political globalization is determined by the number of embassies and high commissions in a country, the number of international organizations to which the country is a member, the number of UN peace missions a country participated in, and the number of treaties signed between two or more states.

Índice de globalización social (0-100)

i

Índice de globalización social (0-100)

Definition: Social globalization has three dimensions: personal contacts, information flows, and cultural proximity. The sub-index on personal contacts includes international telecom traffic, degree of tourism, transfers, foreign population, and number of international letters. The sub-index on information flows includes number of internet users, share of households with a television set, and trade in newspapers. The sub-index on cultural proximity includes trade in books and number of McDonald’s restaurants and Ikea located in a country.

Proporción de totales mundiales

Porcentaje de la población mundial

i

Porcentaje de la población mundial

Definition: The population share of a particular country is measured as its population as percent of the total world population in a given year. Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. The values shown are midyear estimates.

Porcentaje del PIB mundial

i

Porcentaje del PIB mundial

Definition: We calculated the world GDP as the sum of the GDP of all countries expressed in current USD. The share of GDP is the GDP of a particular country as percent of the world GDP. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.

Porcentaje de las exportaciones mundiales

i

Porcentaje de las exportaciones mundiales

Definition: The share of world exports equals the exports of a particular country as percent of the total exports of all countries around the world. Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Porcentaje de las importaciones mundiales

i

Porcentaje de las importaciones mundiales

Definition: The share of world exports equals the exports of a particular country as percent of the total exports of all countries around the world. Imports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services received from the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Porcentaje de Inversión Extranjera Directa...

i

Porcentaje de Inversión Extranjera Directa mundial

Definition: Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in the reporting economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital. Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on the management of an enterprise that is resident in another economy. Ownership of 10 percent or more of the ordinary shares of voting stock is the criterion for determining the existence of a direct investment relationship. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Porcentaje de reservas mundiales de petróleo

i

Porcentaje de reservas mundiales de petróleo

Definition: The share of world oil reserves is calculated as the proven oil reserves of a country as percent of the total proven oil reserves for the world.

Valor agregado por industria como porcentaje...

i

Valor agregado por industria como porcentaje del PIB

Definition: Industry corresponds to ISIC divisions 10-45 and includes manufacturing (ISIC divisions 15-37). It comprises value added in mining, manufacturing (also reported as a separate subgroup), construction, electricity, water, and gas. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.

Valor agregado por sector manufacturero como %...

i

Valor agregado por sector manufacturero como % del PIB

Definition: Manufacturing refers to industries belonging to ISIC divisions 15-37. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.

Valor agregado por el sector servicios como %...

i

Valor agregado por el sector servicios como % del PIB

Definition: Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99 and they include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.

Valor agregado de la industria, miles de...

i

Valor agregado de la industria, miles de millones de USD

Definition: Industry corresponds to ISIC divisions 10-45 and includes manufacturing (ISIC divisions 15-37). It comprises value added in mining, manufacturing (also reported as a separate subgroup), construction, electricity, water, and gas. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Valor agregado de manufactura, miles de...

i

Valor agregado de manufactura, miles de millones de USD

Definition: Manufacturing refers to industries belonging to ISIC divisions 15-37. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Valor agregado de servicios, miles de millones...

i

Valor agregado de servicios, miles de millones de USD

Definition: Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Ahorros como % del PIB

i

Ahorros como % del PIB

Definition: Gross savings are calculated as gross national income less total consumption, plus net transfers.

Ahorros, miles de millones de USD

i

Ahorros, miles de millones de USD

Definition: Gross savings are calculated as gross national income less total consumption, plus net transfers. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Crimen

Secuestros por cada 100 000 personas

i

Secuestros por cada 100 000 personas

Definition:

Robos por cada 100 000 personas

i

Robos por cada 100 000 personas

Definition:

Número de prisioneros por cada 100 000 personas

i

Número de prisioneros por cada 100 000 personas

Definition:

Hurtos por cada 100 000 personas

i

Hurtos por cada 100 000 personas

Definition:

Homicidios por cada 100 000 personas

i

Homicidios por cada 100 000 personas

Definition:

Religiones

Personas que practican el judaísmo como % de...

i

Personas que practican el judaísmo como % de la población

Definition:

Personas no religiosas como % de la población

i

Personas no religiosas como % de la población

Definition:

Budistas como % de la población total

i

Budistas como % de la población total

Definition:

Cristianos como % de la población total

i

Cristianos como % de la población total

Definition:

Personas que practican el hinduismo como % de...

i

Personas que practican el hinduismo como % de la población

Definition:

Musulmanes chiítas como % de la población total

i

Musulmanes chiítas como % de la población total

Definition:

Musulmanes como % de la población total

i

Musulmanes como % de la población total

Definition:

Cristianos protestantes como % de la población...

i

Cristianos protestantes como % de la población total

Definition:

Cristianos católicos como % de la población...

i

Cristianos católicos como % de la población total

Definition:

Musulmanes sunitas como % de la población total

i

Musulmanes sunitas como % de la población total

Definition:

Cristianos ortodoxos orientales como % de la...

i

Cristianos ortodoxos orientales como % de la población total

Definition:

Otros indicadores

Índice de felicidad, 0 (desdichado) - 10 (feliz)

i

Índice de felicidad, 0 (desdichado) - 10 (feliz)

Definition: The Happiness ranking is part of the World Happiness Report. The country scores are based on a survey in which respondents evaluate the quality of their current lives on a scale of 0 to 10.

Índice de desarrollo humano (0-1)

i

Índice de desarrollo humano (0-1)

Definition: The Human Development Index measures three basic dimensions of human development: long and healthy life, knowledge, and a decent standard of living. Four indicators are used to calculate the index: life expectancy at birth, mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling, and gross national income per capita.

Tamaño de la población, en millones

i

Tamaño de la población, en millones

Definition: Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.

Porcentaje de la población urbana

i

Porcentaje de la población urbana

Definition: Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. The data are collected and smoothed by United Nations Population Division.

Población de 65 años de edad o más,...

i

Población de 65 años de edad o más, porcentaje del total

Definition: Population ages 65 and above as a percentage of the total population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.

Población de 0 a 14 años de edad, porcentaje...

i

Población de 0 a 14 años de edad, porcentaje del total

Definition: Total population below the age of 14 as a percentage of the total population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.

Población femenina, porcentaje del total

i

Población femenina, porcentaje del total

Definition: Female population is the percentage of the population that is female. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.

Gasto militar, en millones de US dólares

i

Gasto militar, en millones de US dólares

Definition: Military spending includes expenditure on peacekeeping, defense ministries, paramilitary forces, and military space activities. Also: military and civil personnel, including retirement pensions; operations and maintenance; procurement; military research and development; and military aid. Defense and current expenditure for past military activities, such as for veterans' benefits, demobilization, conversion, and weapon destruction, are not included.

Gasto militar, % del PIB

i

Gasto militar, % del PIB

Definition: Military spending includes expenditure on peacekeeping, defense ministries, paramilitary forces, and military space activities. Also: military and civil personnel, including retirement pensions; operations and maintenance; procurement; military research and development; and military aid. Defense and current expenditure for past military activities, such as for veterans' benefits, demobilization, conversion, and weapon destruction, are not included.

Superficie terrestre en km2

i

Superficie terrestre en km2

Definition: Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes.

Download economic data